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 <%@ page
 contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
%> 

2. In the Catalina.bat (windows) catalina.sh (windows) apache$jakarta_config.com (OpenVMS), file there must be a switch added to the call to java.exe. In LINUX (FC5), use /etc/tomcat5/tomcat5.conf and update the JAVA_OPTS switch. The switch is:

-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8

I cannot find documentation for this environment variable anywhere or what it actually does but it is essential.

32. For translation of inputs coming back from the browser there must be a method that translates from the browser's ISO-8859-1 to UTF-8.  ISO-8859-1 is the default character encoding for servers and browsers according to the
\[http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt HTTP specification\] section 3.4.1.

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The solution suggested above works fine with steps (1) and (2) only, but from the architecture perspective the correct way is to add a filter to the Tomcat that will do necessary correction for the application deployed without any additional changes to the rest of the code.

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