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Let's imaging out of order updates are not tracked and LWM doesn't exists. If primary node fails before applying update from Tx1 we end up with update counter=5 and will lose missed updates after node rejoins to the topology, because rebalancing will not start due to equal counters.

Restoring consistency

Let us consider in more detail how counters are LWM value is used to restore consistency (counters rebalance [2]) by rebalancing when outdated node joins topology.

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