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Struts 2 validation is configured via XML or annotations. Manual validation in the action is also possible, and may be combined with XML - and annotation-driven validation.

Validation also depends on both the "validation" and "workflow" interceptors (both are included in the default interceptor stack). The "validation" interceptor does the validation itself and creates a list of field-specific errors. The "workflow" interceptor checks for the presence of validation errors: if any are found, it returns the "input" result (by default), taking the user back to the form which contained the validation errors.

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Note
titleNote

When using a Field Validator, Field Validator Syntax is ALWAYS preferable than using the Plain Validator Syntax as it facilitates grouping of field-validators according to fields. This is very handy especially if a field needs to have many field-validators which is almost always the case.

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Wiki Markup
{snippet:id=javadoc|javadoc=true|url=resources.com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator/ValidatorFactory.java}

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The default interceptor stack, "defaultStack", already has validation turned on. When creating your own interceptor-stack be sure to include both the "validation" and "workflow" interceptors. From struts-default.xml:

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