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Always, the most "conservative" thing will hit first. E.g., if there is a Retriable retriable error, the producer has a retry timeout, and the handler might have one; whichever timeout hits first will stop the retry loop. If the handler says "SWALLOW",  we also break the retry loop (more conservative), and if the handler says FAIL, we fail right away, not even waiting for a timeout to hit. Obviously, the order of conservativity is FAIL > SWALLOW > RETRY, where FAIL is the most conservative action and RETRY is the least.

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