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A = B

All primitive types

TRUE if expression A is equal to expression B otherwise FALSE

A <=> B

All primitive types

Returns same result with EQUAL(=) operator for non-null operands, but returns TRUE if both are NULL, FALSE if one of the them is NULL (as of version 0.9.0)

A == B

None!

Fails because of invalid syntax. SQL uses =, not ==

A <> B

All primitive types

NULL if A or B is NULL, TRUE if expression A is NOT equal to expression B otherwise FALSE

A != B

All primitive types

a synonym for the <> operator

A < B

All primitive types

NULL if A or B is NULL, TRUE if expression A is less than expression B otherwise FALSE

A <= B

All primitive types

NULL if A or B is NULL, TRUE if expression A is less than or equal to expression B otherwise FALSE

A > B

All primitive types

NULL if A or B is NULL, TRUE if expression A is greater than expression B otherwise FALSE

A >= B

All primitive types

NULL if A or B is NULL, TRUE if expression A is greater than or equal to expression B otherwise FALSE

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A [NOT] BETWEEN B AND C

All primitive types

NULL if A, B or C is NULL, TRUE if A is greater than or equal to B AND A less than or equal to C otherwise FALSE. This can be inverted by using the NOT keyword. (as of version [0.9.0

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HIVE-2005])

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A IS NULL

all types

TRUE if expression A evaluates to NULL otherwise FALSE

A IS NOT NULL

All types

FALSE if expression A evaluates to NULL otherwise TRUE

A NOT LIKE B

strings

NULL if A or B is NULL, TRUE if string A matches the SQL simple regular expression B, otherwise FALSE. The comparison is done character by character. The _ character in B matches any character in A(similar to . in posix regular expressions) while the % character in B matches an arbitrary number of characters in A(similar to .* in posix regular expressions) e.g. 'foobar' like 'foo' evaluates to FALSE where as 'foobar' like 'foo_ _ _' evaluates to TRUE and so does 'foobar' like 'foo%'

A RLIKE B

strings

NULL if A or B is NULL, TRUE if any (possibly empty) substring of A matches the Java regular expression B, otherwise FALSE. E.g. 'foobar' RLIKE 'foo' evaluates to TRUE and so does 'foobar' RLIKE '^f.*r$'.

A REGEXP B

strings

Same as RLIKE

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A[n]

A is an Array and n is an int

Returns the nth element in the array A. The first element has index 0 e.g. if A is an array comprising of ['foo', 'bar'] then A[0] returns 'foo' and A[1] returns 'bar'

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M[key]

M is a Map<K, V> and key has type K

Returns the value corresponding to the key in the map e.g. if M is a map comprising of {'f' -> 'foo', 'b' -> 'bar', 'all' -> 'foobar'} then M['all'] returns 'foobar'

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S.x

S is a struct

Returns the x field of S. e.g for struct foobar {int foo, int bar} foobar.foo returns the integer stored in the foo field of the struct.

BIGINT DOUBLE

round(DOUBLE a)

Returns the rounded BIGINT value of a

DOUBLE

round(DOUBLE a, INT d)

Returns a rounded to d decimal places

BIGINT

floor(DOUBLE a)

Returns the maximum BIGINT value that is equal or less than a

BIGINT

ceil(DOUBLE a), ceiling(DOUBLE a)

Returns the minimum BIGINT value that is equal or greater than a

DOUBLE

rand(), rand(INT seed)

Returns a random number (that changes from row to row) that is distributed uniformly from 0 to 1. Specifying the seed will make sure the generated random number sequence is deterministic.

DOUBLE

exp(DOUBLE a)

Returns ea where e is the base of the natural logarithm

DOUBLE

ln(DOUBLE a)

Returns the natural logarithm of the argument a

DOUBLE

log10(DOUBLE a)

Returns the base-10 logarithm of the argument a

DOUBLE

log2(DOUBLE a)

Returns the base-2 logarithm of the argument a

DOUBLE

log(DOUBLE base, DOUBLE a)

Return the base-base logarithm of the argument d

DOUBLE

pow(DOUBLE a, DOUBLE p), power(DOUBLE a, DOUBLE p)

Return ap

DOUBLE

sqrt(DOUBLE a)

Returns the square root of a

STRING

bin(BIGINT a)

Returns the number in binary format (see http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/string-functions.html#function_bin)

STRING

hex(BIGINT a) hex(STRING a) hex(BINARY a)

If the argument is an INT or binary hex returns the number as a STRING in hex format. Otherwise if the number is a STRING, it converts each character into its hex representation and returns the resulting STRING. (see http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/string-functions.html#function_hex, BINARY version as of Hive 0.12.0)

BINARY

unhex(STRING a)

Inverse of hex. Interprets each pair of characters as a hexadecimal number and converts to the byte representation of the number. (BINARY version as of Hive 0.12.0, used to return a string)

STRING

conv(BIGINT num, INT from_base, INT to_base), conv(STRING num, INT from_base, INT to_base)

Converts a number from a given base to another (see http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/mathematical-functions.html#function_conv)

DOUBLE

abs(DOUBLE a)

Returns the absolute value

INT or DOUBLE

pmod(INT a, INT b), pmod(DOUBLE a, DOUBLE b)

Returns the positive value of a mod b

DOUBLE

sin(DOUBLE a)

Returns the sine of a (a is in radians)

DOUBLE

asin(DOUBLE a)

Returns the arc sin of a if -1<=a<=1 or NULL otherwise

DOUBLE

cos(DOUBLE a)

Returns the cosine of a (a is in radians)

DOUBLE

acos(DOUBLE a)

Returns the arccosine of a if -1<=a<=1 or NULL otherwise

DOUBLE

tan(DOUBLE a)

Returns the tangent of a (a is in radians)

DOUBLE

atan(DOUBLE a)

Returns the arctangent of a

DOUBLE

degrees(DOUBLE a)

Converts value of a from radians to degrees

DOUBLE

radians(DOUBLE a)

Converts value of a from degrees to radians

INT or DOUBLE

positive(INT a), positive(DOUBLE a)

Returns a

INT or DOUBLE

negative(INT a), negative(DOUBLE a)

Returns -a

FLOUT

sign(DOUBLE a)

Returns the sign of a as '1.0' (if a is positive) or '-1.0' (if a is negative), '0.0' otherwise

DOUBLE

e()

Returns the value of e

DOUBLE

pi()

Returns the value of pi

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string

from_unixtime(bigint unixtime[, string format])

Converts the number of seconds from unix epoch (1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC) to a string representing the timestamp of that moment in the current system time zone in the format of "1970-01-01 00:00:00"

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bigint

unix_timestamp()

Gets current time stamp using the default time zone.

bigint

unix_timestamp(string date)

Converts time string in format yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss to Unix time stamp, return 0 if fail: unix_timestamp('2009-03-20 11:30:01') = 1237573801

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bigint

unix_timestamp(string date, string pattern)

Convert time string with given pattern (see [[http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/docs/api/java/text/SimpleDateFormat.html]]) to Unix time stamp, return 0 if fail: unix_timestamp('2009-03-20', 'yyyy-MM-dd') = 1237532400

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string

to_date(string timestamp)

Returns the date part of a timestamp string: to_date("1970-01-01 00:00:00") = "1970-01-01"

int

year(string date)

Returns the year part of a date or a timestamp string: year("1970-01-01 00:00:00") = 1970, year("1970-01-01") = 1970

int

month(string date)

Returns the month part of a date or a timestamp string: month("1970-11-01 00:00:00") = 11, month("1970-11-01") = 11

int

day(string date) dayofmonth(date)

Return the day part of a date or a timestamp string: day("1970-11-01 00:00:00") = 1, day("1970-11-01") = 1

int

hour(string date)

Returns the hour of the timestamp: hour('2009-07-30 12:58:59') = 12, hour('12:58:59') = 12

int

minute(string date)

Returns the minute of the timestamp

int

second(string date)

Returns the second of the timestamp

int

weekofyear(string date)

Return the week number of a timestamp string: weekofyear("1970-11-01 00:00:00") = 44, weekofyear("1970-11-01") = 44

int

datediff(string enddate, string startdate)

Return the number of days from startdate to enddate: datediff('2009-03-01', '2009-02-27') = 2

string

date_add(string startdate, int days)

Add a number of days to startdate: date_add('2008-12-31', 1) = '2009-01-01'

string

date_sub(string startdate, int days)

Subtract a number of days to startdate: date_sub('2008-12-31', 1) = '2008-12-30'

timestamp

from_utc_timestamp(timestamp, string timezone)

Assumes given timestamp ist UTC and converts to given timezone (as of Hive 0.8.0)

timestamp

to_utc_timestamp(timestamp, string timezone)

Assumes given timestamp is in given timezone and converts to UTC (as of Hive 0.8.0)

T

if(boolean testCondition, T valueTrue, T valueFalseOrNull)

Return valueTrue when testCondition is true, returns valueFalseOrNull otherwise

T

COALESCE(T v1, T v2, ...)

Return the first v that is not NULL, or NULL if all v's are NULL

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T

CASE a WHEN b THEN c [WHEN d THEN e]* [ELSE f] END

When a = b, returns c; when a = d, return e; else return f

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T

CASE WHEN a THEN b [WHEN c THEN d]* [ELSE e] END

When a = true, returns b; when c = true, return d; else return e

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int

ascii(string str)

Returns the numeric value of the first character of str

string

base64(binary bin)

Convert the argument from binary to a base 64 string (as of Hive 0.12.0)

string

concat(string|binary A, string|binary B...)

Returns the string or bytes resulting from concatenating the strings or bytes passed in as parameters in order. e.g. concat('foo', 'bar') results in 'foobar'. Note that this function can take any number of input strings.

array<struct<string,double>>

context_ngrams(array<array<string>>, array<string>, int K, int pf)

Returns the top-k contextual N-grams from a set of tokenized sentences, given a string of "context". See StatisticsAndDataMining for more information.

string

concat_ws(string SEP, string A, string B...)

Like concat() above, but with custom separator SEP.

string

concat_ws(string SEP, array<string>)

Like concat_ws() above, but taking an array of strings. (as of Hive 0.9.0)

string

decode(binary bin, string charset)

Decode the first argument into a String using the provided character set (one of 'US_ASCII', 'ISO-8859-1', 'UTF-8', 'UTF-16BE', 'UTF-16LE', 'UTF-16'). If either argument is null, the result will also be null. (as of Hive 0.12.0)

binary

encode(string src, string charset)

Encode the first argument into a BINARY using the provided character set (one of 'US_ASCII', 'ISO-8859-1', 'UTF-8', 'UTF-16BE', 'UTF-16LE', 'UTF-16'). If either argument is null, the result will also be null. (as of Hive 0.12.0)

int

find_in_set(string str, string strList)

Returns the first occurance of str in strList where strList is a comma-delimited string. Returns null if either argument is null. Returns 0 if the first argument contains any commas. e.g. find_in_set('ab', 'abc,b,ab,c,def') returns 3

string

format_number(number x, int d)

Formats the number X to a format like '#,###,###.##', rounded to D decimal places, and returns the result as a string. If D is 0, the result has no decimal point or fractional part. (as of Hive 0.10.0)

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string

get_json_object(string json_string, string path)

Extract json object from a json string based on json path specified, and return json string of the extracted json object. It will return null if the input json string is invalid. NOTE: The json path can only have the characters [0-9a-z_], i.e., no upper-case or special characters. Also, the keys *cannot start with numbers.* This is due to restrictions on Hive column names.

]]></ac:plain-text-body></ac:structured-macro>

boolean

in_file(string str, string filename)

Returns true if the string str appears as an entire line in filename.

int

instr(string str, string substr)

Returns the position of the first occurence of substr in str

int

length(string A)

Returns the length of the string

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int

locate(string substr, string str[, int pos])

Returns the position of the first occurrence of substr in str after position pos

]]></ac:plain-text-body></ac:structured-macro>

string

lower(string A) lcase(string A)

Returns the string resulting from converting all characters of B to lower case e.g. lower('fOoBaR') results in 'foobar'

string

lpad(string str, int len, string pad)

Returns str, left-padded with pad to a length of len

string

ltrim(string A)

Returns the string resulting from trimming spaces from the beginning(left hand side) of A e.g. ltrim(' foobar ') results in 'foobar '

array<struct<string,double>>

ngrams(array<array<string>>, int N, int K, int pf)

Returns the top-k N-grams from a set of tokenized sentences, such as those returned by the sentences() UDAF. See StatisticsAndDataMining for more information.

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string

parse_url(string urlString, string partToExtract [, string keyToExtract])

Returns the specified part from the URL. Valid values for partToExtract include HOST, PATH, QUERY, REF, PROTOCOL, AUTHORITY, FILE, and USERINFO. e.g. parse_url('http://facebook.com/path1/p.php?k1=v1&k2=v2#Ref1', 'HOST') returns 'facebook.com'. Also a value of a particular key in QUERY can be extracted by providing the key as the third argument, e.g. parse_url('http://facebook.com/path1/p.php?k1=v1&k2=v2#Ref1', 'QUERY', 'k1') returns 'v1'.

]]></ac:plain-text-body></ac:structured-macro>

string

printf(String format, Obj... args)

Returns the input formatted according do printf-style format strings (as of Hive 0.9.0)

string

regexp_extract(string subject, string pattern, int index)

Returns the string extracted using the pattern. e.g. regexp_extract('foothebar', 'foo(.*?)(bar)', 2) returns 'bar.' Note that some care is necessary in using predefined character classes: using '\s' as the second argument will match the letter s; '
s' is necessary to match whitespace, etc. The 'index' parameter is the Java regex Matcher group() method index. See docs/api/java/util/regex/Matcher.html for more information on the 'index' or Java regex group() method.

string

regexp_replace(string INITIAL_STRING, string PATTERN, string REPLACEMENT)

Returns the string resulting from replacing all substrings in INITIAL_STRING that match the java regular expression syntax defined in PATTERN with instances of REPLACEMENT, e.g. regexp_replace("foobar", "oo|ar", "") returns 'fb.' Note that some care is necessary in using predefined character classes: using '\s' as the second argument will match the letter s; '
s' is necessary to match whitespace, etc.

string

repeat(string str, int n)

Repeat str n times

string

reverse(string A)

Returns the reversed string

string

rpad(string str, int len, string pad)

Returns str, right-padded with pad to a length of len

string

rtrim(string A)

Returns the string resulting from trimming spaces from the end(right hand side) of A e.g. rtrim(' foobar ') results in ' foobar'

array<array<string>>

sentences(string str, string lang, string locale)

Tokenizes a string of natural language text into words and sentences, where each sentence is broken at the appropriate sentence boundary and returned as an array of words. The 'lang' and 'locale' are optional arguments. e.g. sentences('Hello there! How are you?') returns ( ("Hello", "there"), ("How", "are", "you") )

string

space(int n)

Return a string of n spaces

array

split(string str, string pat)

Split str around pat (pat is a regular expression)

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map<string,string>

str_to_map(text[, delimiter1, delimiter2])

Splits text into key-value pairs using two delimiters. Delimiter1 separates text into K-V pairs, and Delimiter2 splits each K-V pair. Default delimiters are ',' for delimiter1 and '=' for delimiter2.

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string

substr(string|binary A, int start) substring(string|binary A, int start)

Returns the substring or slice of the byte array of A starting from start position till the end of string A e.g. substr('foobar', 4) results in 'bar' (see [[http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/string-functions.html#function_substr]])

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string

substr(string|binary A, int start, int len) substring(string|binary A, int start, int len)

Returns the substring or slice of the byte array of A starting from start position with length len e.g. substr('foobar', 4, 1) results in 'b' (see [[http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/string-functions.html#function_substr]])

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string

translate(string input, string from, string to)

Translates the input string by replacing the characters present in the from string with the corresponding characters in the to string. This is similar to the translate function in PostgreSQL. If any of the parameters to this UDF are NULL, the result is NULL as well (available as of Hive 0.10.0)

string

trim(string A)

Returns the string resulting from trimming spaces from both ends of A e.g. trim(' foobar ') results in 'foobar'

binary

unbase64(string str)

Convert the argument from a base 64 string to BINARY (as of Hive 0.12.0)

string

upper(string A) ucase(string A)

Returns the string resulting from converting all characters of A to upper case e.g. upper('fOoBaR') results in 'FOOBAR'

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varies

java_method(class, method[, arg1[, arg2..]])

Synonym for reflect (as of Hive [0.9.0

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HIVE-1877])

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varies

reflect(class, method[, arg1[, arg2..]])

Use this UDF to call Java methods by matching the argument signature (uses reflection). (as of Hive [0.7.0

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HIVE-471])

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int

hash(a1[, a2...])

Returns a hash value of the arguments (as of Hive 0.4)

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BIGINT

count(*), count(expr), count(DISTINCT expr[, expr_.])

count(*) - Returns the total number of retrieved rows, including rows containing NULL values; count(expr) - Returns the number of rows for which the supplied expression is non-NULL; count(DISTINCT expr[, expr]) - Returns the number of rows for which the supplied expression(s) are unique and non-NULL.

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DOUBLE

sum(col), sum(DISTINCT col)

Returns the sum of the elements in the group or the sum of the distinct values of the column in the group

DOUBLE

avg(col), avg(DISTINCT col)

Returns the average of the elements in the group or the average of the distinct values of the column in the group

DOUBLE

min(col)

Returns the minimum of the column in the group

DOUBLE

max(col)

Returns the maximum value of the column in the group

DOUBLE

variance(col), var_pop(col)

Returns the variance of a numeric column in the group

DOUBLE

var_samp(col)

Returns the unbiased sample variance of a numeric column in the group

DOUBLE

stddev_pop(col)

Returns the standard deviation of a numeric column in the group

DOUBLE

stddev_samp(col)

Returns the unbiased sample standard deviation of a numeric column in the group

DOUBLE

covar_pop(col1, col2)

Returns the population covariance of a pair of numeric columns in the group

DOUBLE

covar_samp(col1, col2)

Returns the sample covariance of a pair of a numeric columns in the group

DOUBLE

corr(col1, col2)

Returns the Pearson coefficient of correlation of a pair of a numeric columns in the group

DOUBLE

percentile(BIGINT col, p)

Returns the exact p^th percentile of a column in the group (does not work with floating point types). p must be between 0 and 1. NOTE: A true percentile can only be computed for integer values. Use PERCENTILE_APPROX if your input is non-integral.

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array<double>

percentile(BIGINT col, array(p₁ [, p₂]...))

Returns the exact percentiles p₁, p₂, ... of a column in the group (does not work with floating point types). p_i must be between 0 and 1. NOTE: A true percentile can only be computed for integer values. Use PERCENTILE_APPROX if your input is non-integral.

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DOUBLE

percentile_approx(DOUBLE col, p [, B])

Returns an approximate p^th percentile of a numeric column (including floating point types) in the group. The B parameter controls approximation accuracy at the cost of memory. Higher values yield better approximations, and the default is 10,000. When the number of distinct values in col is smaller than B, this gives an exact percentile value.

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array<double>

percentile_approx(DOUBLE col, array(p₁ [, p₂]...) [, B])

Same as above, but accepts and returns an array of percentile values instead of a single one.

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array<struct {'x','y'}>

histogram_numeric(col, b)

Computes a histogram of a numeric column in the group using b non-uniformly spaced bins. The output is an array of size b of double-valued (x,y) coordinates that represent the bin centers and heights

array

collect_set(col)

Returns a set of objects with duplicate elements eliminated

N rows

explode(ARRAY)

Returns one row for each element from the array

N rows

explode(MAP)

Returns one row for each key-value pair from the input map with two columns in each row: one for the key and another for the value. (as of Hive 0.8.0)

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inline(ARRAY<STRUCT[,STRUCT]>)

Explodes an array of structs into a table (as of Hive [0.10

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HIVE-3238])

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Array Type

explode(array<TYPE> a)

For each element in a, explode() generates a row containing that element

tuple

json_tuple(jsonStr, k1, k2, ...)

It takes a set of names (keys) and a JSON string, and returns a tuple of values. This is a more efficient version of the get_json_object UDF because it can get multiple keys with just one call

tuple

parse_url_tuple(url, p1, p2, ...)

This is similar to the parse_url() UDF but can extract multiple parts at once out of a URL. Valid part names are: HOST, PATH, QUERY, REF, PROTOCOL, AUTHORITY, FILE, USERINFO, QUERY:<KEY>.

stack(INT n, v_1, v_2, ..., v_k)

Breaks up v_1, ..., v_k into n rows. Each row will have k/n columns. n must be constant.

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[1,2,3]

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[4,5,6]

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