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This project (Synapse) is related to ESB, but it is not in itself an ESB. What Synapse bring to the table is a mediation framework that allows users to get in the middle between service requesters and providers and perform various tasks including transformation and routing and that helps to promote loose coupling between services

So Dave certainly feels that Synapse is not a full ESB, more a mediation framework based purely on Apache Axis 2.

ServiceMix on the other hand is a full ESB built on the JBI specification which can work with many different SOAP Stacks such as Axis, WSIF, XFire, ActiveSOAP and JAX-WS. ServiceMix also has full support for Routing, Transformation and Orchestration

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