You can combine Traffic Server with Linux iproute2 to shape traffic between the proxy and origin or between the proxy and client. Or you can use BSD ALTQ or a separate device like a capable router or network switch. Traffic Server marks the traffic and iproute2 etc. do the actual traffic shaping. The two can be on the same machine or they can be separate devices. This is sometimes called bandwidth management, traffic shaping or QoS.
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Here are some ways Traffic Server can communicate with iproute2 etc.
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Add lines like the following to remap.config to configure it:
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| language | bash |
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| title | remap.config |
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map <a class="external-link" href="http://example.com" rel="nofollow">http://example.com</a> <a class="external-link" href="http://example.com" rel="nofollow">http://example.com</a> @plugin=priority.so @pparam=4
regex_map http://.*\.example.com http://$0 @plugin=priority.so @pparam=4
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Be careful of ICMP redirects, they can sometimes cause clients to route non-web traffic to the proxy.
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| language | bash |
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| title | records.config |
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# The source of client responses and destination of client requests is
# the address of the origin. The source of origin requests and
# destination of origin responses is the address of the client.
CONFIG proxy.config.http.server_ports STRING 8080:tr-full
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| language | bash |
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| title | remap.config |
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# Give high priority to Wikipedia, low priority to YouTube
map <a class="external-link" href="httphttp://wikipedia.org" rel="nofollow">http://wikipedia.org</a> <a class="external-link" href="http://wikipedia.org" rel="nofollow">http://wikipedia.org</a> @plugin=conf_remap.so @pparam=proxy.config.net.sock_packet_tos_out=0x0c
regex_map http://.*\.wikipedia\.org http://$0 @plugin=conf_remap.so @pparam=proxy.config.net.sock_packet_tos_out=0x0c
map <a class="external-link" href="http://youtube.org" rel="nofollow">http://youtube.org</a> <a class="external-link" href="=0x0c
map http://youtube.org" rel="nofollow">http http://youtube.org</a>org @plugin=conf_remap.so @pparam=proxy.config.net.sock_packet_tos_out=0x1c
regex_map http://.*\.youtube\.org http://$0 @plugin=conf_remap.so @pparam=proxy.config.net.sock_packet_tos_out=0x1c
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# Remember if traffic originated from our internet connection
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -i eth0.2 -j MARK --set-mark 1/1
# Route web traffic to the proxy server except traffic already
# originating from it. Matching web traffic by port number isn't
# perfect but it's good enough. This is the MAC address of the proxy
# server. Because it's configured to make origin connections
# transparent this is the only way to match traffic already originating
# from it:
# <a class="external-link" href="http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.security.firewalls.netfilter.general/45405" rel="nofollow">http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.security.firewalls.netfilter.general/45405</a>
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m mac --mac-source 00:22:15:d2:1e:61 -j RETURN
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -j MARK --set-mark 2/2
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -i eth0.2 -p tcp --sport 80 -j MARK --set-mark 2/2
# Web traffic is medium priority by default but the proxy server further
# breaks down some high/low priority traffic. It communicates this by
# setting the ToS/DiffServ Field (it uses the pool of codepoints reserved
# for experimental or local use, 0x0c/0x0c). Mark the connection to
# remember the priority and apply the same classification to response
# traffic (on which the ToS/DiffServ Field is not set).
iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -m tos --tos 0x0c -j CONNMARK --set-mark 1
iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -m connmark --mark 1 -j CLASSIFY --set-class 2:1
iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -m tos --tos 0x1c -j CONNMARK --set-mark 2
iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -m connmark --mark 2 -j CLASSIFY --set-class 2:3
# Route web traffic to the proxy server
ip route add table 1 via 192.168.1.2
ip rule add fwmark 2/2 table 1
ifconfig ifb0 up
# A qdisc is required before we can add a filter
insmod sch_prio
tc qdisc add dev br-lan root handle 1 prio
# Shape only traffic originating from our internet connection
# (packet mark 1/1)
insmod cls_u32
insmod act_mirred
tc filter add dev br-lan parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 match mark 1 1 flowid 1:1 action mirred egress redirect dev ifb0
# Don't shape traffic (reorder/delay/drop) while there's available
# capacity. Unfortunately available capacity must be manually
# configured and fine-tuned. The following assumes isolated
# up/downstream capacity (full-duplex).
insmod sch_tbf
tc qdisc add dev eth0.2 root handle 1 tbf rate .5mbit burst 5k latency 70ms
tc qdisc add dev ifb0 root handle 1 tbf rate 2.5mbit burst 5k latency 70ms
# Schedule traffic according to three priorities
tc qdisc add dev eth0.2 parent 1: handle 2 prio
tc qdisc add dev ifb0 parent 1: handle 2 prio
# For each priority schedule an equal amount of traffic for each client
insmod sch_sfq
tc qdisc add dev eth0.2 parent 2:1 handle 3 sfq
tc qdisc add dev ifb0 parent 2:1 handle 3 sfq
tc qdisc add dev eth0.2 parent 2:2 handle 4 sfq
tc qdisc add dev ifb0 parent 2:2 handle 4 sfq
tc qdisc add dev eth0.2 parent 2:3 handle 5 sfq
tc qdisc add dev ifb0 parent 2:3 handle 5 sfq
# Divide downstream traffic into clients by destination IP address.
# Divide upstream traffic into clients by *Netfilter connection
# tracking* source IP address (after NAT all upstream traffic shares the
# same source IP address).
insmod cls_flow
tc filter add dev eth0.2 parent 3: pref 1 handle 1 flow hash keys nfct-src divisor 1024
tc filter add dev ifb0 parent 3: protocol ip pref 1 handle 1 flow hash keys dst divisor 1024
tc filter add dev eth0.2 parent 4: pref 1 handle 1 flow hash keys nfct-src divisor 1024
tc filter add dev ifb0 parent 4: protocol ip pref 1 handle 1 flow hash keys dst divisor 1024
tc filter add dev eth0.2 parent 5: pref 1 handle 1 flow hash keys nfct-src divisor 1024
tc filter add dev ifb0 parent 5: protocol ip pref 1 handle 1 flow hash keys dst divisor 1024
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