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On every SAML SSO attempt, an entry is recorded in CloudStack's cloud.saml_token table to protect against spoofed log-in attempts or an IdP initiated log in where CloudStack won't know in specific domain the user wishes to log in. On Firefox, SAML tracer add-on can be used to view the SAML tokens that get exchanged. Every SAML Request (AuthnRequest) is a XML encoded HTTP-POST request as per the saml2int.org profile, the XML consists of the issuer information (SP information, name, entity ID), a unique ID (securely generated random string) and some security enforcement on how to authenticate the user. In cloud.saml_token table, we store the IdP we will redirect the user to, along with the unique ID used in the XML and the domain name to be later referenced.
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