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Most MCUs based on ARMv7-M family processors support some kind of Tightly Coupled Memory (TCM). These TCMs have somewhat different properties for specialized operations. Depending on the bus matrix of the processor, you may not be able to execute programs from the TCM. For instance, the STM32 F4 supports Core Coupled Memory (CCM), but since it is tied directly to the D-bus, cannot be used to execute programs!  On the other hand, the STM32F3 has a CCM that is accessible to both the D-Bus and the I-Bus, in which case it should be possible to execute programs from this TCM.
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When ELF programs are loaded into memory, the memory is allocated from the heap via a standard memory allocator. By default with the STM32 F4, the CCM in included in HEAP and will typically be allocated first. If CCM memory is allocate to hold the ELF program in memory, then a hard-fault will occur immediately when you try to execute the ELF program in memory.

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