private boolean isTransactional = config.getTransactionalProducer();
    private boolean transactionInProgress = false;
	protected Map<TopicPartition, OffsetAndMetadata> offsetsMap = new HashMap<>();
    private Set<TopicPartition> taskTopicPartitions;
	private KafkaProducer<byte[], byte[]> producer;
    private String connectConsumerGroup;

    @Override
	public void start(Map<String, String> props) {
		config = new MirrorTaskConfig(props);
	    taskTopicPartitions = config.taskTopicPartitions();
        isTransactional = config.transactionalProducer();
	    producer = initProducer(isTransactional);
        connectConsumerGroup = getSourceConsumerGroupId();
		if (isTransactional) {
	        loadContextOffsets();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void open(Collection<TopicPartition> partitions) {
		if (isTransactional) {
    	    loadContextOffsets();
		}
    }

    private boolean isTransactional void loadContextOffsets() {
		Map<TopicPartition, OffsetAndMetadata> initOffsetsOnTarget = config.getTransactionalProducerlistTargetConsumerGroupOffsets(connectConsumerGroup);
	
    private    booleanSet<TopicPartition> transactionStartassignments = falsecontext.assignment();
	protected Map<TopicPartition, OffsetAndMetadata> offsetsMap = new HashMap<>();
    private Set<TopicPartition> taskTopicPartitions;
	private KafkaProducer<byte[], byte[]> producer;
    private String consumerGroupId;

    @Override
	public void start(Map<String, String> props) {
		config = new MirrorTaskConfig(props);
	    taskTopicPartitions = config.taskTopicPartitions();


        // only keep the offsets of the partitions assigned to this task
        Map<TopicPartition, Long> contextOffsets = assignments.stream()
        		                  isTransactional = config.transactionalProducer();
	        producer = initProducer(isTransactional);
        consumerGroupId = getSourceConsumerGroupId();
		if (isTransactional) {
     .filter(x -> currentOffsets.containsKey(x))
     // in order to leverage "read-process-write" loop provided by Kafka EOS out-of-the-box
            // the restriction is that "topics have to been in one cluster"
            // in MM case, since the consumer pulls from source cluster and producer sends to target cluster,
 .collect(Collectors.toMap(
        		         // to workaround this restriction, the consumer offsets are stored in target cluster with same "group Id"
            // (1) when MirrorSinkTask starts, it loads initial offsets from __consumer_offsets on the target clusterx -> x, x -> currentOffsets.get(x)));

        context.offset(contextOffsets);
    }

	protected  // (2) pass the initial offsets to SinkTaskContext, followed by supplying them to WorkerSinkTaskKafkaProducer<byte[], byte[]> initProducer(boolean isTransactional) {
        Map<String, Object> producerConfig = config.targetProducerConfig();
            //if (3isTransactional) the{
 consumer in WorkerSinkTask rewinds and starts consuming from the initial offsets
			Map<TopicPartition, OffsetAndMetadata> offsetsOnTarget	String transactionId = listTargetConsumerGroupOffsetsgetTransactionId(consumerGroupId);
			Map<TopicPartition, Long> offsets = new HashMap<>();
			
			for (Map.Entry<TopicPartition, OffsetAndMetadata> offset : offsetsOnTarget.entrySet()) {
				offsets.put(offset.getKey(), offset.getValue().offset());
			}
			Map<TopicPartition, Long> taskOffsets = loadOffsets(taskTopicPartitions, offsets);
			context.offset(taskOffsets);
        	log.info("use transactional producer with Id: {} ", transactionId);
            producerConfig.put(ProducerConfig.ACKS_CONFIG, "all");
            }producerConfig.put(ProducerConfig.ENABLE_IDEMPOTENCE_CONFIG, "true");
    }

	protected KafkaProducer<byte[], byte[]> initProducer(boolean isTransactional) {    	producerConfig.put(ProducerConfig.TRANSACTIONAL_ID_CONFIG, transactionId);
        Map<String, Object> producerConfig = config.targetProducerConfig(	producerConfig.put(ProducerConfig.CLIENT_ID_CONFIG, transactionId);
        if (isTransactional) {
}
        return 	logMirrorUtils.info("use transactional producer"newProducer(producerConfig);
	}

    /**
     * Per some articles, to  producerConfig.put(ProducerConfig.ACKS_CONFIG, "all");
      avoid ProducerFencedException, transaction id is suggested to set application name + hostname
      producerConfig.put(ProducerConfig.ENABLE_IDEMPOTENCE_CONFIG, "true");
        	producerConfig.put(ProducerConfig.TRANSACTIONAL_ID_CONFIG, genTransactionId());
        	producerConfig.put(ProducerConfig.CLIENT_ID_CONFIG, "trasactional-producer");* Each MirrorSinkTask is also assigned with different set of <topic, partition>. To get unique transaction id,
     * one way }is elseto {
append connector name, hostname and string of  	producerConfig.put(ProducerConfig.CLIENT_ID_CONFIG, "non-trasactional-producer");
 each <topic, partition> pair
     */
    protected String getTransactionId() }{
    	return getHostName() + "-" return+ MirrorUtils.newProducergetUniquePredictableStr(producerConfig);
	
    }

    @Override
	public void put(Collection<SinkRecord> records) {
        log.info("receive {} messages from consumer", records.size());
        if (records.size() == 0) {
        	return;
        }
        try {
            sendBatch(records, producer);
        } catch (RebalanceException e) {
            producer.close();
            producer = initProducer(isTransactional);  
        } catch (ResendRecordsException e) {
            abortTransaction(producer);
            //TODO: add limited retry
            sendBatch(e.getRemainingRecords(), producer);
        } catch (Throwable e) {
            log.error(getHostName() + " terminating on exception: {}", e);
            return;
        }
    }

    private void sendBatch(Collection<SinkRecord> records, KafkaProducer<byte[], byte[]> producer) {
        try {
            Map<TopicPartition, List<SinkRecord> remainingRecordsMap = new HashMap<>();
            offsetsMap.clear();
            beginTransaction(producer);
            SinkRecord record;
            for ((record = records.peek()) != null) {
                ProducerRecord<byte[], byte[]> producerRecord = convertToProducerRecord(record);
                offsetsMap.compute(new TopicPartition(record.topic(), record.kafkaPartition()),
                       (tp, curOffsetMetadata) ->
                               (curOffsetMetadata == null || record.kafkaOffset() > curOffsetMetadata.offset())
                                       ?
                                       new OffsetAndMetadata(record.kafkaOffset())
                                       : curOffsetMetadata);
                Future<RecordMetadata> future = producer.send(producerRecord, (recordMetadata, e) -> {
                    if (e != null) {
                        log.error("{} failed to send record to {}: ", MirrorSinkTask.this, producerRecord.topic(), e);
                        log.debug("{} Failed record: {}", MirrorSinkTask.this, producerRecord);
                        throw new KafkaException(e);
                    } else {
                        log.info("{} Wrote record successfully: topic {} partition {} offset {}", //log.trace
                        		MirrorSinkTask.this,
                                recordMetadata.topic(), recordMetadata.partition(),
                                recordMetadata.offset());
                        commitRecord(record, recordMetadata);
                    }
                });
                futures.add(future);
                records.poll();
            }

        } catch (KafkaException e) {
            // Any unsent messages are added to the remaining remainingRecordsMap for re-send
            for (SinkRecord record = records.poll(); record != null; record = records.poll()) {
            	addConsumerRecordToTopicPartitionRecordsMap(record, remainingRecordsMap);
        } finally {  //TODO: may add more exception handling case
            for (Future<RecordMetadata> future : futures) {
                try {
                    future.get();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    SinkRecord record = futureMap.get(future);
                    // Any record failed to send, add to the remainingRecordsMap
                   SinkRecord addConsumerRecordToTopicPartitionRecordsMap(record, remainingRecordsMap = futureMap.get(future);
                }
    // Any record failed to send, add to the }remainingRecordsMap
         }

          if (isTransactional &&addConsumerRecordToTopicPartitionRecordsMap(record, remainingRecordsMap.size();
 == 0) {
             producer.sendOffsetsToTransaction(offsetsMap, consumerGroupId); }
             commitTransaction(producer);}
         }

         if (isTransactional && remainingRecordsMap.size() >== 0) {
            // For transaction case, all records should be put into remainingRecords, as the whole transaction should be redone producer.sendOffsetsToTransaction(offsetsMap, consumerGroupId);
             commitTransaction(producer);
            Collection<SinkRecord> recordsToReSend;}

        if (remainingRecordsMap.size() >  if (isTransactional0) {
                // For Transactional:transaction retrycase, all records, theshould transactionbe willput haveinto cancelledremainingRecords, allas ofthe ourwhole outputs.
transaction should be redone
            Collection<SinkRecord> recordsToReSend = records;
            }if else(isTransactional) {
                // Non-transactional: only retry failedall records, othersas alreadythe weretransaction finishedwill andcancel sent.
                recordsToReSend = remainingRecordsMap;
        all successful and failed records.
    }
            throwrecordsToReSend new ResendRecordsException(recordsToReSend)= records;
        }
    }

 else {
  @Override
    public Map<TopicPartition, OffsetAndMetadata> preCommit(Map<TopicPartition, OffsetAndMetadata> offsets) {
    	// if non-transactional,: returnonly emptyretry Mapfailed intentionallyrecords, toothers disablewere thefinished offset commit by commitOffsets() in "WorkerSinkTask.java"
 and sent.
       // so that the transactional producer is able to commitrecordsToReSend the= consumerremainingRecordsMap;
 offsets in a transaction
    	if (isTransactional) 
  }
  		return new HashMap<TopicPartition, OffsetAndMetadata>();
    	else // otherwise, return offsetsMap tothrow letnew commitOffsetsResendRecordsException(recordsToReSend);
 in "WorkerSinkTask.java" to commit offsets
    		return offsetsMap;	}
    }

    // This commitRecord() follows the same logics as commitRecord() in MirrorSourceTask, to 
    public void commitRecord(SinkRecord record, RecordMetadata metadata) {
        try {
            if (stopping) {
                return;
            }
            if (!metadata.hasOffset()) {
                log.error("RecordMetadata has no offset -- can't sync offsets for {}.", record.topic());
                return;
            }
            TopicPartition topicPartition = new TopicPartition(record.topic(), record.kafkaPartition());
            long latency = System.currentTimeMillis() - record.timestamp();
            metrics.countRecord(topicPartition);
            metrics.replicationLatency(topicPartition, latency);
            TopicPartition sourceTopicPartition = MirrorUtils.unwrapPartition(record.sourcePartition());
            long upstreamOffset = MirrorUtils.unwrapOffset(record.sourceOffset());
            long downstreamOffset = metadata.offset();
            maybeSyncOffsets(sourceTopicPartition, upstreamOffset, downstreamOffset);
        } catch (Throwable e) {
            log.warn("Failure committing record.", e);
        }
    }

    private void beginTransaction(KafkaProducer<byte[], byte[]> producer) {
        if (isTransactional) {
            producer.beginTransaction();
            transactionStarttransactionInProgress = true;
        }
    }
	
    private void initTransactions(KafkaProducer<byte[], byte[]> producer) {
        if (isTransactional) {
            producer.initTransactions();
        }
    }
    
    private void commitTransaction(KafkaProducer<byte[], byte[]> producer) {
        if (isTransactional) {
            producer.commitTransaction();
            transactionStarttransactionInProgress = false;
        }
    }
    
    private void abortTransaction(KafkaProducer<byte[], byte[]> producer) {
        if (isTransactional && transactionStarttransactionInProgress) {
            producer.abortTransaction();
            transactionStarttransactionInProgress = false;
        }
    }

    public static class ResendRecordsException extends Exception {
        private Collection<SinkRecord> remainingRecords;

        public ResendRecordsException(Collection<SinkRecord> remainingRecords) {
            super(cause);
            this.remainingRecords = remainingRecords;
        }

        public Collection<SinkRecord> getRemainingRecords() {
            return remainingRecords;
        }
    }