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Description

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Spring is a lightweight container, providing centralized, automated configuration and wiring of your application objects, using a technique called "Dependency Injection"

...

Code Block

title	struts.properties

struts.objectFactory = org.apache.struts2.spring.StrutsSpringObjectFactory

Code Block

title	struts.xml


<struts>
  <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="org.apache.struts2.spring.StrutsSpringObjectFactory" />
  ... 
</struts>

Autowiring

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name	Auto-wire by matching the name of the bean in Spring with the name of the property in your action. This is the default
type	Auto-wire by looking for a bean registered with Spring of the same type as the property in your action. This requires you to have only one bean of this type registered with Spring
auto	Spring will attempt to auto-detect the best method for auto-wiring your action
constructor	Spring will auto-wire the parameters of the bean's constructor
no	Turn off externally defined autowiring. Annotation-driven injection and injection based on Springs *Aware-interfaces still applies

By default, the framework will at least try to use Spring to create all its objects. If the object cannot be created by Spring, then the framework will create the object itself.

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Code Block

	xml
	xml
title	web.xml


<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

...

Code Block

	xml
	xml
title	applicationContext.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans default-autowire="autodetect">
    <bean id="personManager" class="com.acme.PersonManager" scope="prototype"/>
    ...
</beans>

Tip

title	More applicationContext configuration files needed?

Since the Spring integration uses a standard Listener, it can be configured to support configuration files other than applicationContext.xml. Adding the following to your web.xml will cause Spring's ApplicationContext to be inititalized from all files matching the given pattern:

Code Block

	xml
	xml


<!-- Context Configuration locations for Spring XML files -->
<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext-*.xml,classpath*:applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

See the Spring documentation for a full description of this parameter.

...

Code Block

	xml
	xml
title	struts.xml


<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
    <include file="struts-default.xml"/>

    <package name="default" extends="struts-default">
        <action name="foo" class="com.acme.Foo">
            <result>foo.ftl</result>
        </action>
    </package>

    <package name="secure" namespace="/secure" extends="default">
        <action name="bar" class="bar">
            <result>bar.ftl</result>
        </action>
    </package>
</struts>

...

Code Block

	xml
	xml
title	applicationConext.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans default-autowire="autodetect">
    <bean id="bar" class="com.my.BarClass" singleton="false"/>
    ...
</beans>

To use session-scoped components with Spring and Struts, see the Spring Session Components Workarounds analysis.

Class Reloading

The Spring plugin can be configured to automatically reload classes that change in the file system. This feature will enable code changes to be "hot deployed" without having to restart the web container. To enable this feature follow these steps:

Set "struts.devMode" to "true"
Set "struts.class.reloading.watchList" to a comma separated list of directories, or jar files (absolute or relative paths)

Add this to web.xml:

Code Block

type	xml

   <context-param>
       <param-name>contextClass</param-name>
       <param-value>org.apache.struts2.spring.ClassReloadingXMLWebApplicationContext</param-value>
   </context-param>

Add Apache Commons JCI FAM to the classpath. If you are using maven, add this to pom.xml

Code Block

type	xml

   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
       <artifactId>commons-jci-fam</artifactId>
       <version>1.0</version>
   </dependency>

Letting the reloading class loader handle all the classes can lead to ClassCastException(s) because instances of the same classes loaded by different class loaders can not be assigned to each other. To prevent this problem we suggest that struts.class.reloading.acceptClasses is used to limit the classes loaded by the reloading class loader, so only actions are handled by it. This constant supports a comma separated list of regular expressions:

Code Block

type	xml

<constant name="struts.class.reloading.acceptClasses" value="com\.myproject\.example\.actions\..*" />

Warning
This feature is experimental, and should never be used in production systems.

Settings

The following settings can be customized. See the developer guide.

Setting	Description	Default	Possible Values
`struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire`	The autowire strategy	`name`	`name`,`type`,`auto`, or `constructor`
`struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire.alwaysRespect`	Whether the autowire strategy should always be used, or if the framework should try to guess the best strategy based on the situation	`false` for backwards-compatibility	`true` or `false`
`struts.objectFactory.spring.useClassCache`	Whether to have Spring use its class cache or not	`true`	`true` or `false`
`struts.class.reloading.watchList`	List of jar files or directories to watch for changes	`null`	Comma separated list of absolute or relative paths to jars or directories
`struts.class.reloading.acceptClasses`	List of regular expressions of accepted class names	`null`	Comma separated list of regular expressions of classes that will be loaded by the reloading class loader(we suggest to add regular expressions so only action classes are handled by the reloading class loader)
`struts.class.reloading.reloadConfig`	Reload the runtime configuration (action mappings, results etc) when a change is detected in one of the watched directories	`false`	`true` or `false`
DEPRECATED: struts.objectFactory.spring.enableAopSupport	Uses different logic to construct beans to allow support AOP, it uses an old approach to create a bean, switch this flag if you have problems with Spring beans and AOP	`false`	`true` or `false`

Installation

This plugin can be installed by copying the plugin jar into your application's /WEB-INF/lib directory. No other files need to be copied or created.

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Key

Description

Autowiring

Class Reloading

Settings

Installation