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The recommended way to test actions , is to instantiate the action classes and test them. The JUnit Plugin supports testing actions withing within a Struts invocation, meaning that a full request is simulated, and the output of the action can be tested.

...

Code Block
java
java
package org.apache.struts2;

import org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapping;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionProxy;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.Action;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

public class StrutsTestCaseTest extends StrutsSpringTestCaseStrutsTestCase {
    public void testGetActionMapping() {
        ActionMapping mapping = getActionMapping("/test/testAction.action");
        assertNotNull(mapping);
        assertEquals("/test", mapping.getNamespace());
        assertEquals("testAction", mapping.getName());
    }

    public void testGetActionProxy() throws Exception {
        //set parameters before calling getActionProxy
        request.setParameter("name", "FD");
        
        ActionProxy proxy = getActionProxy("/test/testAction.action");
        assertNotNull(proxy);

        TestAction action = (TestAction) proxy.getAction();
        assertNotNull(action);

        String result = proxy.execute();
        assertEquals(Action.SUCCESS, result);
        assertEquals("FD", action.getName());
    }

    public void testExecuteAction() throws ServletException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
        String output = executeAction("/test/testAction.action");
        assertEquals("Hello", output);
    }

    public void testGetValueFromStack() throws ServletException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
        request.setParameter("name", "FD");
        executeAction("/test/testAction.action");
        String name = (String) findValueAfterExecute("name");
        assertEquals("FD", name);
    }
}

...

Method Name

Description

executeAction(String)

Pass the url for the action, and it will return the output of the action. This output is not the action result, like "success", but what would be written to the result stream. To use this the actions must be using a result type that can be read from the classpath, like FreeMarker, velocity, etc (if you are using the experimental Embedded JSP Plugin, you can use JSPs also)

getActionProxy(String)

Builds an action proxy that can be used to invoke an action, by calling execute() on the returned proxy object. The return value of execute() is the action result, like "success"

getActionMapping(String)

Gets an ActionMapping for the url

injectStrutsDependencies(object)

Injects Struts dependencies into an object (dependencies are marked with Inject)

findValueAfterExecute(String)

Finds an object in the value stack, after an action has been executed

Field

Description

MockHttpServletRequest request

the requestthat will be passed to Struts. Make sure to set parameters in this object before calling methods like getActionProxy

MockHttpServletResponse response

the response object passed to Struts, you can use this class to test the output, response headers, etc

MockServletContext servletContext

the servlet context object passed to Struts

Struts Actions using Spring

If you use Spring as the object factory, the StrutsSpringTestCase class can be used to write your JUnits. This class extends StrutsTestCase and has a applicationContext field of type ApplicationContext.

The Spring context is loaded from "classpath*:applicationContext.xml" by default. To provide a different location, overwrite getContextLocations.