Simple Web Service with JAX-WS

Sample applications

Using Geronimo's default JavaMail session

Running SPECjAppServer2004 benchmark on Geronimo

Still not a success, your help needed!

This article shows how to measure the performance of the Geronimo application server using the industry standard SPECjAppServer2004 benchmark.

This article is written for SPECjAppServer2004 v1.08 and Geronimo v2.0.2. For other versions some stages may be different. Older versions of this article for SPECjAppServer2004 v1.05 and older versions of Geronimo can be found here: v1.0, v1.1, v1.2.

The described configuration uses as many Geronimo components as possible, including the built-in Derby database and the built-in Jetty or Tomcat servlet container. In fact, the configuration only uses Java, Geronimo, an external servlet container (e. g. Tomcat) and SPECjAppServer2004. To plug external components (most probably, a database), you have to change your configuration accordingly.

This configuration also assumes that all the components (except, possibly, the SPECjAppServer2004 Driver and the SPECjAppServer2004 Supplier Emulator and its servlet container) are run on the same machine. If you want to run the Distributed workload, your configuration will be different.

This configuration uses the Microsoft Windows XP Professional Service Pack 2 operating system, Cygwin shell, Sun Java SE 5.0 Update 11 and Tomcat v5.0.30 to write this article. If you use another OS, Java or servlet container, some stages may be different.

This article uses forward slashes ( / ) for command lines, adjust to backslashes ( \ ) accordingly if you use Windows command prompt.

This article has the following structure:

• #General information
  • #About Geronimo
  • #About SPECjAppServer2004/EAStress2004
• #Obtaining products
  • #Obtaining Geronimo
  • #Obtaining SPECjAppServer2004
• #Conventions and environment
  • #Hosts
  • #Directories
• #Installing products
  • #Installing Geronimo
  • #Installing SPECjAppServer2004
• #Configuring Geronimo
  • #Adjusting configuration
  • #Starting Geronimo
  • #Accessing the console
  • #Creating the database
  • #Locating the SQL files
  • #Creating the tables
• #Configuring SPECjAppServer2004
  • #Basic configuration
  • #Building the application
  • #Preparing database configuration
  • #Loading the tables
• #Deploying components
  • #Logging in
  • #Deploying database connector
  • #Deploying JMS connector
  • #Deploying the main application
  • #Verifying the deployment
• #Deploying the Supplier Emulator
  • #Using the Geronimo servlet container
  • #Using a stand-alone servlet container
  • #Verifying the deployment
• #Running the benchmark
• #Processing results

General information

About Geronimo

Geronimo is the Apache Software Foundation Java EE 5 certified application server. It is developed under Apache License and can be downloaded freely.

Apache site: http://apache.org

Product site: http://geronimo.apache.org

Latest version, 2.0.2: http://geronimo.apache.org/apache-geronimo-v202-release.html

Release notes: http://cwiki.apache.org/GMOxDOC20/release-notes-202txt.html

Documentation page: http://geronimo.apache.org/documentation.html

The best document available is "Apache Geronimo: J2EE Development and Deployment" book by Aaron Mulder: http://chariotsolutions.com/geronimo/

Other important resources are FAQ: http://cwiki.apache.org/GMOxKB and Wiki: http://cwiki.apache.org/geronimo

About SPECjAppServer2004/EAStress2004

SPECjAppServer2004 is a commercial benchmark for measuring the performance of Java EE application servers.

EAStress2004 is a reduced workload that is a part of SPECjAppServer2004 v1.08, it relaxes run and reporting rules, enabling informal results to be shared more easily in open-source research and development projects.

SPEC site: http://www.spec.org

Product site: http://www.spec.org/jAppServer2004/

Press release on v1.08 and EAStress2004: http://www.spec.org/jAppServer2004/jAppServer2004v108.html

FAQ: http://www.spec.org/jAppServer2004/docs/FAQ.html

User's Guide: http://www.spec.org/jAppServer2004/docs/UserGuide.html

Run and Reporting Rules: http://www.spec.org/jAppServer2004/docs/RunRules.html

Back to Top

Obtaining products

Obtaining Geronimo

The latest Geronimo version for now is 2.0.2.

General download page: http://geronimo.apache.org/downloads.html

Two builds of Geronimo exist, with Jetty or Tomcat servlet container enabled by default. You can download either one at http://geronimo.apache.org/downloads.html, they are around 55 MB in size each. This document was written primarily using Jetty version, but Tomcat version works fine also.

Obtaining SPECjAppServer2004

SPECjAppServer2004 costs $2000 ($250 for non-profit/educational purposes), you can order it online. See FAQ for details.

The latest version is 1.08, coming as the SPECjAppServer2004-Kit-v1.08.jar file, 12 MB in size.

Back to Top

Conventions and environment

This section contains important notions that mark the important hosts and directories.

Hosts

This article is written in terms of the following machines:

• geronimo.host – the machine where Geronimo is run, with SPECjAppServer2004 deployed.

• emulator.host – the machine where the SPECjAppServer2004 Supplier Emulator is deployed.

• driver.host – the machine where the SPECjAppServer2004 Driver is run. If you use configuration with multiple Drivers, you have to repeat all the operations for this host on all Driver hosts.

• master.host – the main, Master driver.host in configurations with multiple Drivers.

The emulator.host and the driver.host may be the same machine.

The geronimo.host and the emulator.host may be the same machine, moreover, the SPECjAppServer2004 Supplier Emulator may be deployed into a Geronimo built-in servlet container (Jetty or Tomcat).

The geronimo.host and the driver.host may be the same machine, but you have to adjust the Geronimo configuration, as both Geronimo and the SPECjAppServer2004 Driver create RMI Registry on the default port (1099) and would conflict on that.

Directories

This section lists important directories that are further addressed in this article. They can be chosen arbitrary, but should not overlap.

• <GERONIMO> – directory at the geronimo.host where Geronimo is installed.

• <SPEC> – directory at the geronimo.host where SPECjAppServer2004 is installed.

• <KIT> – directory at the geronimo.host containing the files attached to this article.

• <TOMCAT> – directory at the emulator.host where Tomcat is installed.

• <DRIVER> – directory at the driver.host that is a copy of the <SPEC> directory.

• <DRIVER_GERONIMO> – directory at the driver.host that is a copy of the <GERONIMO> directory.

• <JAVA_HOME> – JAVA_HOME location at the driver.host.

• <OUTPUT> – directory at the driver.host where the SPECjAppServer2004 Driver will store its output.

• <DUMP> – directory at the driver.host where the SPECjAppServer2004 Driver will store its temporal files.
  
  

  On Windows some components may work incorrectly if working paths are too long or contain spaces. So it's recommended that you avoid long paths and spaces in them.

Back to Top

Installing products

First, save the files attached to this article to a local directory. This will be your <KIT> directory.

Installing Geronimo

You can easily install Geronimo using the .zip or .tar.gz archive.

Extract the downloaded archive to a local directory. The geronimo-jetty6-jee5-2.0.2 or geronimo-tomcat6-jee5-2.0.2 directory is created, that is your <GERONIMO> directory.

Installing SPECjAppServer2004

Run:

Click Next, read and accept the license agreement, and type in the directory you want the SPECjAppServer2004 to be installed to. This directory will be your <SPEC> directory.

Click Install.

Wait until the installation completes, then click Ready.

Back to Top

Configuring Geronimo

Adjusting configuration

If your geronimo.host and your driver.host are the same machine, you have to adjust the port number of the Geronimo RMI Registry (to e. g. 1199), otherwise it would conflict with the SPECjAppServer2004 Driver that uses the default port of 1099. Edit the <GERONIMO>/var/config/config-substitutions.properties file and change the NamingPort variable value.

Starting Geronimo

Go to your <GERONIMO> directory.

Start Geronimo by typing:

You may also use <GERONIMO>/bin/geronimo.sh or <GERONIMO>/bin/geronimo.bat scripts instead.

It will take some time to start. After that, you will see:

Booting Geronimo Kernel (in Java 1.5.0_11)...
Starting Geronimo Application Server v2.0.2
[********************************] 100%  92s Startup complete
  Listening on Ports:
    1050 127.0.0.1 CORBA Naming Service
    1099 0.0.0.0   RMI Naming
    1527 0.0.0.0   Derby Connector
    2001 127.0.0.1 OpenEJB ORB Adapter
    4201 0.0.0.0   OpenEJB Daemon
    6882 127.0.0.1 OpenEJB ORB Adapter
    8009 0.0.0.0   Jetty Connector AJP13
    8080 0.0.0.0   Jetty SelectChannel Connector HTTP
    8443 0.0.0.0   Jetty SelectChannel Connector HTTPS
    9999 0.0.0.0   JMX Remoting Connector
   61613 0.0.0.0   ActiveMQ Transport Connector
   61616 0.0.0.0   ActiveMQ Transport Connector

  Started Application Modules:
    EAR: org.apache.geronimo.configs/webconsole-jetty6/2.0.2/car
    JAR: org.apache.geronimo.configs/mejb/2.0.2/car
    RAR: org.apache.geronimo.configs/activemq-ra/2.0.2/car
    RAR: org.apache.geronimo.configs/system-database/2.0.2/car
    WAR: org.apache.geronimo.configs/dojo-jetty6/2.0.2/car
    WAR: org.apache.geronimo.configs/remote-deploy-jetty/2.0.2/car
    WAR: org.apache.geronimo.configs/welcome-jetty/2.0.2/car

  Web Applications:
    /
    /console
    /console-standard
    /dojo
    /remote-deploy

Geronimo Application Server started

If you get another result, particularly, if network errors show up, then something has gone wrong.

Accessing the console

Open your web browser and connect to the Geronimo Console at http://geronimo.host:8080/console/

Log in using the user name and password (system and manager by default).

Now you may investigate the console if you wish.

Creating the database

Go to the Embedded DB - DB Manager in the Console Navigation.

Create the benchmark database by typing its name (SPECDB) in the Create DB field and clicking Create.

Locating the SQL files

To create database tables, you can use the default SQL scripts provided in the <SPEC>/schema/sql directory. However, the directory includes five scripts, and they contain DROP TABLE commands that would fail if you try to execute them in the console when tables are not yet created.

Instead, it is recommended that you use the allTablesNoDrop.sql file, if you are creating the tables from scratch, or allTables.sql file if you want to drop and recreate the tables. Both files were created from the <SPEC>/schema/sql files by simple concatenation, allTablesNoDrop.sql also has DROP TABLE commands removed.

Creating the tables

Make sure SPECDB is selected in Use DB field and then copy-paste the SQL code to SQL Command/s frame. Click Run SQL button above it.

After a short delay, the frame will clear and the Result field below it will say SQL command/s successful. If not – check what you did wrong and try again.

If you use multiple SQL scripts, repeat the operations above for each of them.

Back to Top

Configuring SPECjAppServer2004

Basic configuration

deploy directory

Go to the <SPEC>/src/deploy directory and copy the reference subdirectory with its contents with the name geronimo.

geronimo.env file

Go to the <SPEC>/config directory.

Put the attached geronimo.env template file there. Edit it, make sure you set the values for the following variables:

JAS_HOME=<SPEC>
JAVA_HOME=<JAVA_HOME>
J2EE_HOME=<GERONIMO>
JAS_HOST=geronimo.host
EMULATOR_HOST=emulator.host

You may leave the other variables intact.

appsserver file

Edit the <SPEC>/config/appsserver file – replace the word default there with the word geronimo.

run.properties file

Edit the <SPEC>/config/run.properties file. Note that it will be used on the driver.host and make sure the following variables have correct values:

Url = http://geronimo.host:8080/SPECjAppServer/app?
outDir = <OUTPUT>
dumpDir = <DUMP>

setenv.bat file

Edit the <SPEC>/bin/setenv.bat file, make sure you set the values for the following variables:

JAVA_HOME=<JAVA_HOME>
JAS_HOME=<DRIVER>
APPSSERVER=geronimo

Building the application

Go to the <SPEC> directory.

Clean-up your installation:

Build the application and configure it for Geronimo:

You will get the BUILD SUCCESSFUL diagnostic.

Make sure the files SPECjAppServer.ear and emulator.war are created in the <SPEC>/jars directory.

Rename emulator.war to Emulator.war.

Preparing database configuration

In the described configuration, the same database is used for all tables.

Go to the <SPEC>/config directory. Replace the content of each of the *db.properties files you find there with the contents of the attached db.properties template file. Make sure the pipeDir variable there points to a valid temporary directory, adjust if necessary.

Loading the tables

Run:

After some time, you will get the BUILD SUCCESSFUL diagnostic.

Back to Top

Deploying components

At this stage you need to deploy the configured components to Geronimo.

Logging in

To avoid specifying login credentials on any call to deployer, you can login first:

Deploying database connector

To deploy a connector to the Derby SPECDB database you created earlier, go to the <GERONIMO> directory and run:

You will get the SPECjAppServer2004/DB/1.08/rar diagnostic.

Deploying JMS connector

To deploy an ActiveMQ JMS connector for SPECjAppServer2004, go to the <GERONIMO> directory and run:

You will get the SPECjAppServer2004/JMS/1.08/rar diagnostic.

Deploying the main application

To deploy SPECjAppServer2004 on Geronimo, this configuration uses the deployment plan that was originally found in Geronimo sources at http://svn.apache.org, modified and updated for Geronimo version 2.0.2.

Go to the <GERONIMO> directory and run:

You will get the SPECjAppServer2004/Application/1.08/ear diagnostic.

Verifying the deployment

At this stage you may check that the deployment has been done correctly and that SPECjAppServer2004 is operational.

Manual transactions

Open the deployed SPECjAppServer2004 page: http://geronimo.host:8080/SPECjAppServer/

In the left-hand menu, click the Go Trade Autos! or Go Build Cars! link.

Log in with the default credentials (1) by clicking Log in.

You should see the program interface and be able to perform transactions.

Atomicity tests

Open the deployed SPECjAppServer2004 page: http://geronimo.host:8080/SPECjAppServer/

In the left-hand menu, click the Atomicity Tests link.

You will see the results of three atomicity tests' runs. If all three of them are marked as PASSED, your deployment is correct.

Back to Top

Deploying the Supplier Emulator

To deploy the SPECjAppServer2004 Supplier Emulator at the emulator.host, use one of the following:

The Geronimo built-in servlet container (in case the emulator.host and the geronimo.host are the same machine); or a stand-alone servlet container on the emulator.host.

Using the Geronimo servlet container

Go to the <GERONIMO> directory and run:

You will get the SPECjAppServer2004/Emulator/1.08/war @ /Emulator diagnostic.

Using a stand-alone servlet container

This configuration assumes that your stand-alone servlet container on the emulator.host is Tomcat running on the default port (8080).

Install Tomcat to your <TOMCAT> directory on the emulator.host.

Copy the <SPEC>/jars/Emulator.war file to the <TOMCAT>/webapps directory and remove the <TOMCAT>/webapps/Emulator directory if it exists.

Go to the <TOMCAT> directory on the emulator.host and start Tomcat:

Veryfying the deployment

Go to the page http://emulator.host:8080/Emulator/. It should load normally and contain a single directory, dtd, with two files inside, delivery.dtd and po.dtd.

Go to the page http://emulator.host:8080/Emulator/EmulatorServlet. You should see a page with text like this:

Back to Top

Running the benchmark

Copy the <GERONIMO> directory to the driver.host, the copy will be your <DRIVER_GERONIMO> directory (in fact you only need some jars from it).

Copy the <SPEC> directory to the driver.host, the copy will be your <DRIVER> directory.

In the <DRIVER>/config/geronimo.env file adjust the JAS_HOME variable to the <DRIVER> directory and J2EE_HOME variable to the <DRIVER_GERONIMO> directory.

Go to the <DRIVER> directory on the driver.host and run:

This configures the environment to run the Driver.

To start the Driver itself, run:

If you wish to run a distributed load with multiple Drivers, then after the Driver is started on the first host (the master.host), start the Driver on other driver hosts like this:

After starting the Driver, you should see the output like this:

The following environment settings are in effect for SPECjAppServer2004
* ========================= *
   JAVA_HOME=<JAVA_HOME>
    JAS_HOME=<DRIVER>
  CONFIG_DIR=<DRIVER>\config
  APPSSERVER=geronimo
     ENVFILE=<DRIVER>\config\geronimo.env
* ========================= *
Driver Host: <driver.host>
Binding controller to //<driver.host>/Controller
DriverDebug: DealerAgent <propsFile> <agentName> <masterMachine>
Controller: Registering M1 on machine <driver.host IP address>
Controller: Registering O1 on machine <driver.host IP address>
Controller: Registering L1 on machine <driver.host IP address>
Calling switchLog as master
RunID for this run is : 75
Output directory for this run is : <OUTPUT>\75
TTF1 = 93
ttf = 93
Configuring 1 DealerAgent(s)...
DealerAgent O1, Thread 0 started
DealerAgent O1, Thread 1 started
DealerAgent O1, Thread 2 started
DealerAgent O1, Thread 3 started
DealerAgent O1, Thread 4 started
DealerAgent O1, Thread 5 started
DealerAgent O1, Thread 6 started
DealerAgent O1, Thread 7 started
DealerAgent O1, Thread 8 started
DealerAgent O1, Thread 9 started
Configuring 1 MfgAgent(s)...
MfgAgent M1, Thread 0 started
MfgAgent M1, Thread 1 started
MfgAgent M1, Thread 2 started
Configuring 1 LargeOLAgent(s)...


MfgAgent L1, Thread 0 started
Rampup      = Fri May 12 20:49:51 MSD 2006
SteadyState = Fri May 12 20:59:51 MSD 2006
Rampdown    = Fri May 12 21:59:51 MSD 2006
Finish      = Fri May 12 22:04:51 MSD 2006

sleeptime is 28417 note this is time in excess needed for trigger
Starting Ramp Up...

This means the Driver started normally.

Note the times for Rampup, SteadyState, Rampdown and Finish to figure out the time needed for the benchmark to complete.

Sometimes binding exceptions or other problems may occur at the Driver startup. In such a case, interrupt the test run with Ctrl-C and rerun it again. Sometimes it helps.

java.rmi.RemoteException: Failure in calling validateInitialValues() java.rmi.RemoteException: Invalid initial Order DB State
        at org.spec.jappserver.driver.Auditor.validateInitialValues(Auditor.java:201)
        at org.spec.jappserver.driver.Driver.configure(Driver.java:330)
        at org.spec.jappserver.driver.Driver.<init>(Driver.java:160)
        at org.spec.jappserver.driver.Driver.main(Driver.java:1137)

During the run, the following diagnostics may appear in the Driver window:

AbstractSJASLoad> Application error has already been cancelled

and in the same time, various TransactionRolledback and other exceptions of the same kind are being printed in the Geronimo shell.

After the run has completed successfuly, you will see the output like this:

Gathering DealerStats ...
Gathering MfgStats ...
summary file is <OUTPUT>\75\SPECjAppServer.summary
SPECjAppServer2004 v1.08 Results
JOPS: ***
Dealer Response Times
     Purchase...0.4
     Manage.....1.5
     Browse.....0.4
Manufacturing Response Times
     Mfg........0.0
Calling getLog as master

The number of JOPS is a final benchmark metric.

Back to Top

Processing results

When driver is run, a subdirectory with a numerical name is created in the <OUTPUT> directory. The subdirectory with the largest number corresponds to the latest run. After the Driver run is complete, the result.props file is created there, it contains the raw results from the benchmark.

Go to the <DRIVER>/reporter directory, copy the file Sample_Submission.txt under arbitraty name (e. g. Your_Submission.txt) and edit the copy, as described in SPECjAppServer2004 User's Guide :: Section 5 – Results, add the raw data from the result.props file.

Run the following command to generate an HTML benchmark report, it would be named Your_Submission.report.html:

Run the following command to generate a text-only benchmark report, it would be named Your_Submission.report.txt:

For the details on how yo submit your results, see SPECjAppServer2004 User's Guide :: Section 5.3 – Submitting the Results

Back to Top