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Here we take into account the isolation property of a transaction. The strongest isolation is known to be Serializable, implying all transactions pretend to execute sequentially. This is very convenient to a user, because it prevents hidden data corruptions https://pmg.csail.mit.edu/papers/adya-phd.pdf and avoid related security issues http://www.bailis.org/papers/acidrain-sigmod2017.pdf. The price for this can be reduced throughput/latency due to increased overhead from CC protocol. Another options is to allow a user to choose a weaker isolation level, like SNAPSHOT. The ultimate goal is to implement Serializability without sacrificing performance too much, having Serializable as default isolation level. I measure it with 2

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High level interpretation

Looking at the evaluation, it's easy to notice what a protocol favors conveniece of use over performance. It doesn't mean we don't need performance - we need the acceptable performance, and, of cource, scalability.

There are two main things - CC and atomic commitment.

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