If for some reason the blank template or archetype doesn't work for you, here's how to setup an application from square one.
Setup the Web Application File Structure
/tutorial/ /tutorial/META-INF/ /tutorial/WEB-INF/ /tutorial/WEB-INF/classes/ /tutorial/WEB-INF/lib/ /tutorial/WEB-INF/lib/CORE&OPTIONAL *.jar /tutorial/WEB-INF/web.xml
- Copy to your
webapp/lib
directory- the
struts2-core-(VERSION).jar
, - all the
*.jar
files in/lib/default
, and - any necessary optional
*.jar
files from/lib/
.
- the
If you need to customize your own templates (how HTML is rendered from Struts UI tags), copy into your webapp
directory the /src/java/template
directory.
Install the Minimum Set of Libraries and Configuration Files
The following files are a minium requirement for your application.
Filename |
Description |
---|---|
|
Framework library itself, found in distribution root directory |
|
XWork library on which Struts 2 is built (version 2.0 or later) |
|
OSCore, a general-utility library from OpenSymphony |
|
Object Graph Navigation Language (OGNL), the expression language used throughout the framework |
|
Commons logging, which the framework uses to support transparently logging to either Log4J or JDK 1.4+ |
|
All UI tag templates are written in Freemarker (also a good option for your own views) |
|
The default dependency injection container for the framework. |
|
Java web application configuration file that defines the filters (and other components) for your web application |
|
Framework configuration file that defines the actions, results, and interceptors for your application |
The library files (*.jar
) needs to be copied to your /mywebapp/WEB-INF/lib/
directory. If you need optional functionalities requiring dependencies on optional JARs, those JARs need to be copied to this directory too.
Setup the Web Application Deployment Descriptor (web.xml
)
Create an web.xml
file in [webapp]/WEB-INF
(or merge into it the framework resources).
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd"> <web-app> <display-name>My Application</display-name> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> </web-app>
The standard web.xml
registers a FilterDispatcher to enable framework functionality for your requests. The ContextLoaderListener configures Spring as our dependency injection container. The framework uses Spring internally. (You may wish to use Spring to deploy your own objects too.)
See also: web.xml
Setup the Struts Configuration (struts.xml
)
Create a skeleton struts.xml
file in /$APP/WEB-INF/classes
.
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts><!-- Include framework defaults (from Struts 2 JAR). --> <include file="struts-default.xml" /> <!-- Configuration for the default package. --> <package name="default" extends="struts-default"> </package> </struts>
For now, the struts.xml
does only two things:
- It tells the framework that it should import the configuration information from
struts-default.xml
. (This file is located at the root of thestruts2-core.jar
, so it is sure to be found.)
- It defines a default package (with the <package> section) where framework elements like
actions
,results
andinterceptors
are registered.
See also: struts.xml
Next |
Onward to Hello World |
---|---|
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