This page details benchmark results comparing MXNet 1.3.0 with MKLDNN vs without MKLDNN. The results clearly shows that MKL-DNN boosts inference throughput between 6x to 37x, latency reduced between 2x to 41x, while accuracy is equivalent up to an epsilon of 1e-8.

Inference Performance

This group of the performance test is gathered on AWS EC2 instance C5.18xLarge with 1 socket and 1 processor.

For the throughput, 2 sockets can provide about 2X speedup while latency will keep the constant.

Performance boost with Intel MKL-DNN backend in release 1.3

The c5.18xlarge instance offers a 2-socket Intel Xeon Platinum processor with 72 vCPUs.

$ export KMP_AFFINITY=granularity=fine,compact,1,0

$ export OMP_NUM_THREADS=18

$ numactl --physcpubind=0-17 --membind=0 python …

Category	Model	Latency batchsize=1 (ms, small is better)			Throughput batchsize=128 (fps, higher is better)
Category	Model	no mkldnn	release 1.3 + mkldnn	speedup	no mkldnn	release 1.3 + mkldnn	speedup
CNN/classification	ResNet-50 v1	97.19	18.94	5.13	10.29	132.05	12.84
	ResNet-50 v2	98.69	18.93	5.21	9.94	127.17	12.79
	Inception v3	175.17	26.34	6.65	5.74	110.00	19.16
	Inception v4	330.93	66.96	4.94	3.04	59.28	19.47
	DenseNet	111.66	53.31	2.09	8.52	121.79	14.30
	MobileNet	38.56	7.32	5.27	24.87	380.54	15.30
	VGG16	406.50	40.08	10.14	2.91	69.84	23.96
	AlexNet	64.60	4.33	14.90	26.58	689.86	25.96
	inception-resnet v2	181.10	111.28	1.63	5.48	69.39	12.66
CNN/object detection	Faster R-CNN	1175.74	95.15	12.36	0.85	10.51	12.36
	SSD-VGG16	721.03	127.48	5.66	1.43（batchsize=224)	27.35(batchsize=224)	19.13
	SSD-MobileNet	239.40	100.75	2.39	4.07 (batchsize=256)	57.73(batchsize=256)	14.18
RNN	GNMT	683.43	100.30	6.81	1.46(batchsize=64)	9.97(batchsize=64)	6.83
GAN	DCGAN	8.94	0.22	41.36	109.13	4059.74	37.20

Inference Accuracy

The model is from gluon model zoo by pre-trained parameters. The top1 and top5 accuracy are verified by MKL-DNN backend.

As below table shown, the accuracy from MXNet 1.3 without and with MKL-DNN got the exact same results with 10e-8.

Note: The dataset used ImageNet1k valdata/ are generated by imagenet1k-val.sh

Inference Accuracy Comparison
Alias	Network	CPU (without MKL-DNN)		CPU (with MKL-DNN) Backend		Delta
Alias	Network	top1	top5	top1	top5	top1	top5
alexnet	AlexNet	0.56312500	0.78992188	0.56312500	0.78992188	0.00000000	0.00000000
densenet121	DenseNet-121	0.74203125	0.91929688	0.74203125	0.91929688	0.00000000	0.00000000
densenet161	DenseNet-161	0.77195313	0.93390625	0.77195313	0.93390625	0.00000000	0.00000000
densenet169	DenseNet-169	0.75710938	0.92828125	0.75710938	0.92828125	0.00000000	0.00000000
densenet201	DenseNet-201	0.76906250	0.93093750	0.76906250	0.93093750	0.00000000	0.00000000
inceptionv3	Inception V3 299x299	0.77609375	0.93664063	0.77609375	0.93664063	0.00000000	0.00000000
mobilenet0.25	MobileNet 0.25	0.51039063	0.75687500	0.51039063	0.75687500	0.00000000	0.00000000
mobilenet0.5	MobileNet 0.5	0.61851563	0.83789063	0.61851563	0.83789063	0.00000000	0.00000000
mobilenet0.75	MobileNet 0.75	0.66546875	0.87070313	0.66546875	0.87070313	0.00000000	0.00000000
mobilenet1.0	MobileNet 1.0	0.70093750	0.89109375	0.70093750	0.89109375	0.00000000	0.00000000
mobilenetv2_1.0	MobileNetV2 1.0	0.69976563	0.89281250	0.69976563	0.89281250	0.00000000	0.00000000
mobilenetv2_0.75	MobileNetV2 0.75	0.68210938	0.88007813	0.68210938	0.88007813	0.00000000	0.00000000
mobilenetv2_0.5	MobileNetV2 0.5	0.64453125	0.84929688	0.64453125	0.84929688	0.00000000	0.00000000
mobilenetv2_0.25	MobileNetV2 0.25	0.50890625	0.74546875	0.50890625	0.74546875	0.00000000	0.00000000
resnet18_v1	ResNet-18 V1	0.70812500	0.89453125	0.70812500	0.89453125	0.00000000	0.00000000
resnet34_v1	ResNet-34 V1	0.73960938	0.91609375	0.73960938	0.91609375	0.00000000	0.00000000
resnet50_v1	ResNet-50 V1	0.76062500	0.93046875	0.76062500	0.93046875	0.00000000	0.00000000
resnet101_v1	ResNet-101 V1	0.77937500	0.93617188	0.77937500	0.93617188	0.00000000	0.00000000
resnet152_v1	ResNet-152 V1	0.78320313	0.93867188	0.78320313	0.93867188	0.00000000	0.00000000
resnet18_v2	ResNet-18 V2	0.71046875	0.89671875	0.71046875	0.89671875	0.00000000	0.00000000
resnet34_v2	ResNet-34 V2	0.74085938	0.91578125	0.74085938	0.91578125	0.00000000	0.00000000
resnet50_v2	ResNet-50 V2	0.76750000	0.93187500	0.76750000	0.93187500	0.00000000	0.00000000
resnet101_v2	ResNet-101 V2	0.78125000	0.94015625	0.78125000	0.94015625	0.00000000	0.00000000
resnet152_v2	ResNet-152 V2	0.78554688	0.94140625	0.78554688	0.94140625	0.00000000	0.00000000
squeezenet1.0	SqueezeNet 1.0	0.57273438	0.79554688	0.57273438	0.79554688	0.00000000	0.00000000
squeezenet1.1	SqueezeNet 1.1	0.57023438	0.79601563	0.57023438	0.79601563	0.00000000	0.00000000
vgg11	VGG-11	0.67062500	0.87531250	0.67062500	0.87531250	0.00000000	0.00000000
vgg13	VGG-13	0.68132813	0.87984375	0.68132813	0.87984375	0.00000000	0.00000000
vgg16	VGG-16	0.72062500	0.90585938	0.72062500	0.90585938	0.00000000	0.00000000
vgg19	VGG-19	0.73468750	0.91000000	0.73468750	0.91000000	0.00000000	0.00000000
vgg11_bn	VGG-11 with batch normalization	0.68953125	0.88882813	0.68953125	0.88882813	0.00000000	0.00000000
vgg13_bn	VGG-13 with batch normalization	0.69835938	0.88953125	0.69835938	0.88953125	0.00000000	0.00000000
vgg16_bn	VGG-16 with batch normalization	0.72226563	0.90390625	0.72226563	0.90390625	0.00000000	0.00000000
vgg19_bn	VGG-19 with batch normalization	0.72992188	0.90992188	0.72992188	0.90992188	0.00000000	0.00000000

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MXNet with Intel MKL-DNN - Performance Benchmarking

Inference Performance

Performance boost with Intel MKL-DNN backend in release 1.3

Inference Accuracy